thamizhnet vazhangkum
thamizh ezhuththolipeyarppu
thamizhai aangkilaththil e'limaiyaaka vaasippatha'rkum ezhuthuvatha'rkum vasathiyaana ezhuththolipeyarppu mu'rai on'rai thamizhnet tha'rpoathu payanpaduththivaruki'rathu. intha mu'raiyai, ka'naniyil ilakuvaakak kaiyaa'lalaam.
thamizhai, aangkilam ezhuthum uroaman(Roman) ezhuththukka'lukkuth thaanaakavea maat'ruvatha'rkum uroaman(Roman) ezhuththukka'lil ezhuthappatta thamizhchsorka'laith thaanaakavea thamizhukku mee'lpeyarppatha'rkum ka'naniyaip payanpaduththakkoodiya mu'rai on'raiyum thamizhnet uruvaakkiyu'l'lathu. intha ezhuththolipeyarppukkaana vi'lakkangka'lum vithimu'raika'lum vazhikaattika'lum ingku tharappattu'l'lana. payanpaduththip paarkka virumpuvoarukkaaka, thanniyakka ezhuththolipeyarppuk karuvi on'rum ingku i'naikkappattu'l'lathu. karuththukka'laiyum immu'raiyin a'lavaiyaip pinpat'ri menporu'l thayaarikka munvaruvoaraiyum thamizhnet varavea'rki'rathu.
ezhuththolipeyarppu etha'rkaaka?
thamizhai aangkilaththil ezhuthuvathu, athaavathu aangkilam ezhuthum uroama(Roman) ezhuththukka'lil ezhuthuvathu, in'ru paravalaaka nadaipe'ruki'ra vidayam; avasiyamaanathum kooda. peyar, idappeyar, mukavari, peyarppalakaika'l poan'ravat'ril ezhuththolipeyarppuch seythu ezhuthuki'roam.
thamizha'riyaathoar, thamizhchso'rka'lai, avat'rin vadivam sithaiyaamalum peruma'lavu uchcharippuch sithaiyaamalum pe'ruvatha'rku ezhuththolipeyarppu avasiyam.
ezhuthappatta thamizh eduththukkaattukka'lai, kalviyulakath theavaika'lukkaaka aangkilaththil ko'nduvarumpoathu ezhuththolipeyarpputh theavaippaduki'rathu.
thamizhchseythika'laik kaiyaa'lum aangkila oodakangka'lil ithu an'raada kaariyam.
kaippeasi agnchalil(SMS) ezhuththolipeyarppuch seythuthaan aakavea'ndum.
i'naiya uraiyaadalilum agnchalilum thamizh achchiyat'ralukkuth thayakkam iruppathaal aangkilam a'rintha thamizhar, thamizhukkup poavathillai. pulampeyarntha idangka'lil thamizha'rinthum thamizh ezhuththa'riyaatha thalaimu'rai on'rum in'ru'ndu.
ivarka'l maththiyil thamizhaith thakkavaippatha'rku ezhuththolipeyarpputh theavaippaduki'rathu.
aarampa muya'rchika'l:
uroama(Roman) ezhuththukka'lil thamizhai ezhuthuvathu nedungkaalamaaka nadaipet'ruvanthu'l'lathu. poarththukkeayar vanthathil irunthu, kittaththatta ainoo'ru aa'ndukaalap paarampariyam itha'rku'ndu. aarampaththil airoappiyarka'lin sevikkea'lvikkea'rpa ezhuththolipeyarppuka'l seyyappattana. niyama vithimu'raika'l irukkavillai; palavakaiyaakavum seyyappattana. thamizh ezhuththoa, oliyoa, ivat'ril mu'raiyaakap pea'nappadavillai. keezhaiththeaya noolka'l, kalvettuka'l poan'ravai airoappiya mozhika'lil ko'narap1pattapoathu so'rka'lin ezhuththuvadivaththaich sithaiyaama'r pea'navea'ndiya theavai perithaayit'ru. thennaasiya mozhika'lin ezhuththukka'lai uroama(Roman) ezhuththukka'lukkup peyarppatha'rku, seermaanamaana mu'rai on'ru, paththonpathaam noot'raa'ndil a'rimukamaanathu. intha ezhuththuppeyarppin thamizhk kaiyaa'lkaiyai, 1930-ka'lil, sennaip palkalaik kazhakath thamizh akaramuthali niyamavadivagn seythathu. kalviyulakil paravalaakap payanpaduththappadum intha ezhuththuppeyarppu ka'nanippayanpaattukkum saathaara'na vaasakarukkum siramamaanathu.
ezhuththuppeyarppum ezhuththolipeyarppum
ezhuththuppeyarppu(transliteration) enpathum ezhuththolipeyarppu(transcription) enpathum vevvea'raanavai. ezhuththuppeyarppil ezhuththu maaththiramea peyarkkappaduki'rathu. ezhuththin uchcharippup peathangka'l peyarkkappaduvathillai. uthaara'namaaka, thamizh 'rakaram(றகரம்), r enpathan keezh koaditta ezhuththaaka(ṟ) peyarkkappaduvathu vazhakkam. aanaal, intha 'rakaram(றகரம்) thanimeyyaaka varum poathum irattikkum poathum t en'ra uchcharippaip pe'ruvathu ezhuththuppeyarppil(transliteration) kaattappadaathu. oru mozhiyilu'l'la olika'lukkum ammozhiyai ezhuthum ezhuththukka'lukkum u'l'la thodarpu achchottaanathalla(அச்சொட்டானதல்ல). ezhuththukka'lai maaththiram peyarkkum transliteration poalan'ri uchcharippin olika'lai ottich so'rka'laip peyarppathu ezhuththolipeyarppu(transcription) aakum.
aangkila akaraathika'lil, so'rka'lin uchcharippaanathu ku'riyeeduka'lum kireakka-uroama(Roman) ezhuththukka'lum kalanthathoru mu'raiyil kaattappattiruppathaip paarkkalaam. akaraathiyaip payanpaduththuvoar inthak ku'riyeeduka'lin olivadivangka'laith therinthiruththal avasiyam. ulaka mozhika'lin olivadivangka'lai varivadivaakkuvatha'rkaana panmozhi oliyezhuththu(International Phonetic Alphabet) mu'rai enavum on'ru'ndu. aangkila akaraathimu'rai, panmozhi oliyezhuththu mu'rai poan'ravai saathaara'na payanpaattukkup porunthaathavai.
vazhakkilu'l'la mu'raika'lum sikkalka'lum
saathaara'na vazhamu'raiyil, thamizhai aangkilaththil ezhuthuvathu palvea'ruvithamaakavum seyyappattuvaruki'rathu. uyiroasaika'laip po'ruththavarai, thamizhilu'l'la sila nettoasaika'l aangkila vazhakkil arithaakavoa, illaamaloa irukkin'rana. ithanaal, saathaara'na ezhuththu vazhakkil ivat'rai naam kaattaamalea vittuviduki'roam. u+m(உ+ம்) Mannar(மன்னார்), Karaitivu(காரைதீவு), Mutur(மூதூர்), Achchuvely(அச்சுவேலி), Vaddukkoddai(வட்டுக்கோட்டை). thamizh a'rinthirunthaalum intha oorka'laith theriyaathavarka'l ivat'rai mannar, karaiththeevu, muttoor, achchuve'li, vattukkottai en'rum padikkakkoodum.
meyyoasaika'lai aangkilaththil ezhuthumpoathu, n en'ra orea aangkila ezhuththaal nakaram(நகரம்), nakaram(னகரம்), 'nakaram(ணகரம்), ngakaram(ஙகரம்), gnakaram(ஞகரம்) en'ra ainthum ezhuthappaduvathaip paarkki'roam. lakaram(லகரம்), 'lakaram(ளகரம்), zhakaram(ழகரம்) en'ra moon'rumea l en'ra ezhuththaal ezhuthappadukin'rana. rakara(ரகர) 'rakara(றகர) peathaththai r en'ra orea ezhuththaal kaattamudiyaathu.
sila meyyoasaika'lai aangkilaththil ezhuthuvathil ezhuththu mayakkamu'ndu. kakaraththai(ககரத்தை) ezhuthuvatha'rku k udan c yum, vakaraththi'rku(வகரத்திற்கு) v udan w um vazhangkivaruvathu naam a'rinthathea. yakaraththi'rkum(யகரத்திற்கும்) aikaaraththi'rkum(ஐகாரத்திற்கும்) ikaraththi'rkum(இகரத்திற்கும்), y, ai poan'ravat'raip payanpaduththuvathilum mayakkam u'ndu.
thamizhai ezhuththolipeyarppathil ingku koo'rappattavat'rai vida muthanmaiyaana sikkal on'ru irukki'rathu. thamizh ezhuththukka'l uchcharikkappadumpoathu ea'rpadum olipeathangka'lea anthach sikkal. vallina ezhuththukka'lil ichchikkal perithum u'narappaduki'rathu. uthaara'namaaka kakaram(ககரம்), k,g,h enavum sakaram(சகரம்) ch, s, j enavum dakaram(டகரம்) t, d enavum thakaram(தகரம்) th, dh enavum pakaram(பகரம்) p, b enavum 'rakaram(றகரம்) t, r enavum santharppaththi'rkea'rpap peathappadalaam. mellina, idaiyina meyka'lukkup pinnaal ivai varumpoathum ira'ndu uyirka'lukkidaiyil varumpoathum ippeathangka'l avathaanikkappadukin'rana.
ivat'ru'l sila peathangka'l ellaath thamizh vazhakkaa'ruka'lilum oreamaathiriyaaka iruppathillai. uthaara'namaaka kakaram(ககரம்), sila vazhakkaa'ruka'lil g aakavum sila vazhakkaa'ruka'lil h aakavum u'l'lathu. yaazhppaa'nath thamizh vazhakkaat'ril kakaram(ககரம்), thakaram(தகரம்), pakaram(பகரம்) poan'ravai peruma'lavu k, th, p en'rea pea'nappadukin'rana. niyamamaana ezhuththolipeyarppon'raich seyvathu ingku kadinamaakin'rathu. oru vazhakkaat'raich seervadivamaaka eat'rukko'ndu innoru vazhakkaat'raip pu'rakka'nippathaakin'rathu.
vallina meyka'laich seermaanamaaka ezhuththolipeyarppathil vea'roru sikkalum irukki'rathu. thamizhil vazhangkivarum vadaso'rka'l vidayaththil ithu u'narappaduki'rathu. vadaso'rka'laith thamizh vadivagn seythu uchcharippathu thamizh marapu. piraakiruthangka'lukkum intha marapu u'ndu. airoappiya mozhich so'rka'l emakku a'rimukamaanapoathum intha vealaiyai naam seythirukki'roam. iruppinum, thamizharidaiyea vadamozhippayanpaattudan pazhakkamu'l'la vattangka'lil mu'rkoo'riya
so'rka'l avat'rin vadamozhi uchcharippudaneayea pea'nappadukin'rana. uthaara'nam: kangkai(கங்கை), sangkeetham(சங்கீதம்), tharmam(தர்மம்), payam(பயம்)[(kangkai/gangkai; changkeetham/sanggeedham; tharmam/dharmam; payam/bhayam)]. iththakaiya so'rka'lai, entha vazhakkaat'rai adiyot'ri ezhuththolipeyarppathu enpathu kea'lviyaakin'rathu.
moola olika'lum asaivolika'lum(Phonemes and allophones)
oru mozhiyin olimoolakkoo'ruka'lai, phonemes enpar mozhiyiyalaa'lar. intha olimoolakkoo'ruka'lukkum asaivu u'ndu. ivai allophones enappadum. uthaara'namaaka, p ennum oli aangkilaththil oru phoneme. iruppinum, pin ennum sollil ithu kaat'ru ea'riya saththaththudan(aspirated/mahāprāṇa) uchcharikkappaduki'rathu. spin en'ra sollil u'l'la p ilirunthu ithu vea'rupaduki'rathu. ivai p yin allophones enalaam. aangkilaththil intha vea'rupaadu varivadivil ku'rippidappaduvathillai. aanaal, samskiruthaththil ivvea'rupaadu ira'ndu vea'ruvea'raana ezhuththukka'laaka, p ph en'ru ko'l'lappadukin'rana. varivadivuka'lum thaniyaanavai. ivai, samskiruthaththil so'rka'lin karuththai maat'rakkoodiyavai. enavea, aangkilaththil allophone aaka iruppathu samskiruthaththil phonemes aakin'rana.
ivvaa'rea, samskiruthaththil phonemes aaka irukkum vallina varkka saththangka'l(kha, ga, gha; pha, ba, bha poan'ravai) thamizhil phonemes alla. ivai allophones. ivai, thamizhil so'rka'lai maat'rum valimai pet'ravaiyalla. samskiruthaththai ezhuththolipeyarkkumpoathu intha olika'laik kaatta vea'ndiya mukkiyaththuvam, thamizhai ezhuththolipeyarkkumpoathu irukkavea'ndiyathillai. thamizh uchcharippil ivvaa'raana oli maa'rupaaduka'lukku idamu'ndu enpathai vi'langkikko'l'lum vakaiyil ezhuththolipeyarppu irunthaal poathumaanathu. olimaa'rupaaduka'l nearseerat'rathaaka, idaththukku idam, vazhakkaat'rukku vazhakkaa'ru vea'rupadumaayin avat'rai ezhuththolipeyarppil ko'nduvaraamal ezhuththai maaththiram peyarppathu nallathu.
phonemes enpavai oru mozhiyin olimoolakkoo'ruka'l enpathai munnarea paarththoam. inthavakaiyil, itha'rku innoru vi'lakkamum u'ndu. uchcharippil varakkoodiya azhuththam, menmai, thayakkam, ni'ruththam, mookkinoasai poan'ra ellaavakaiyaana olinudpapeathangka'lum, phonemes enpathil adangkividukin'rana. enavea, oru mozhiyaip peasupavaridaiyea kooda, aa'lukku aa'l, phonemes vea'rupadalaam. oruvarea nearaththukku nearam vea'rupaduththip peasalaam. thamizhmozhi uchcharippil, emathu ninaivukku etti, phonemes in oliyurumaat'rangka'lai a'riya virumpuvoar, in'raiya thiraippadangka'l-paadalka'lai 50ka'lin thiraippadangka'l paadalka'ludan oppunoakkith therinthuko'l'lalaam.
akalamaana ezhuththolipeyarppum nudpamaana ezhuththolipeyarppum
mozhika'lai ezhuththolipeyarppuch seyvathil iruvakai u'ndu. on'ru akalamaanathu(broad transcription), mat'rathu nudpamaanathu(narrow transcription). nudpamaana ezhuththolipeyarppu oru olippathivuk karuviyaip poan'rathu. ellaavithamaana uchcharippu nudpapeathangka'laiyum ko'nduvanthuvidalaam. kalviyulakukkum mozhiyiyalaa'larukkum perithum payanpadakkoodiyathu. eninum ithu, oruvar oru ku'riththa nearaththil eppadip peasinaar enpathaiyea pathivuseyyakkoodiyathu. oru mozhiyaip peasuvoar anaivarukkum pothuvaanathaaka irukkamudiyaathathu. mealum, ivvaa'raana ezhuththolipeyarppaich seyvatha'rku e'n'ni'rantha ku'riyeeduka'laip payanpaduththavea'ndi irukkum. ithu saathaara'na vaasippukku uthavaathu.
akalamaana ezhuththolipeyarppil oru mozhiyaip peasuvoar anaivarukkum idamu'ndu. ku'raintha ku'riyeeduka'laal ezhuthappadakkoodiyathu. ithanaal veat'rumozhiyaa'larka'l payanpaduththum akaraathika'lil ithu perithum payanpaduki'rathu. iththakaiya akaraathika'lil allophones, theavai thavirkkamudiyaamal irunthaalan'ri, thanikku'riyeeduka'laal kaattappaduvathillai. avai, uchcharippu munnuraiyil sollappattuvidum. mozhiyiyal aayvuka'lilum, muthalil akalamaana ezhuththolipeyarppaik koduththu, pinnar theavaiyai ottiyea nudpamaana ezhuththolipeyarppaik koduppathu vazhakkam.
thamizhnet ezhuththolipeyarppin noakkangka'l
thamizhnet ezhuththolipeyarppu, mukkiyamaaka oodakaththeavaiyaiyum ka'nanippirayoakaththaiyum manathi'rko'ndu uruvaakkappattathu. thamizhnet poan'ra aangkila oodakaththil an'raadam e'n'ni'rantha thamizh idap peyarka'laik kaiyaa'lavea'ndiyirukki'rathu. idappeyarka'lin sollum poru'lum sithaiyaamal, aangkilaththil iyan'ra'lavu e'limaiyaakath tharuvathu eppadi, en'ra kea'lviyil pi'ranthathea intha ezhuththolipeyarppu. ithaiyum, saathaara'na ka'nani visaippalakaiyin orea thattileayea achchiyat'rum ozhungkum seyyappattathu. nadaimu'raiyil irukkum sila ezhuththolipeyarppu mu'raika'lil periya ezhuththukka'lum sinna ezhuththukka'lum kalanthiruppathu, ezhuththamaithikkuth thirupthikaramaaka irukkavillai.
thamizhnet muya'rchiyin mat'roru mukkiya noakkam, ezhuththolipeyarppaiyum mee'lath thamizhukkup peyarppathaiyum ka'nanith thanniyakkam(computer automation) seyvathu. iththoadu, sennai thamizh akaramuthali ezhuththuppeyarppaiyum i'naiththuth thanniyakkam seyvathu payanudaiyathaakath thoan'riyathu. ivat'raich seyvatha'rku, ezhuththolipeyarppukkaana ku'riyeeduka'lum vithimu'raika'lum seermaanamaaka irukka vea'ndum. ezhuththolipeyarkkappatta vaasakaththi'rku thamizh ezhuththukka'ludanaana thodarpum seermaanamaaka irukkavea'ndum. iththakaiya muya'rchikku, akalamaana ezhuththolipeyarppu mu'raiyea(broad transcription)
poruththamaanathaaka amainthathu.
thamizhnet ezhuththolipeyarppin mukkiya a'lavaika'l
• uyirezhuththukka'lin kut'rezhuththukka'lum nettezhuththukka'lum vea'rupaduththappattu'l'lana.
• uyirezhuththukka'lin olipeathangka'l (kut'riyalukaram, eakaaraththil u'l'la vea'rupaadu poan'ravai) thanikku'riyeeduka'laal kaattappadavillai.
• meyyezhuththin vallina ezhuththukka'lil sakaraththukkum(சகரத்துக்கும்) 'rakaraththi'rkum(றகரத்திற்கும்) ea'rpadum olipeathangka'l, avai eppozhuthum mayakkamin'ri idampe'ruvathaal, ezhuththuvea'rupaduththik kaattappattu'l'lana.
• eanaiya vallina ezhuththukka'lil ea'rpadum olipeathangka'lil vazhakkaat'ru ot'rumaiyinmai iruppathaal, avai thani ezhuththukka'laal kaattappadavillai. ezhuththukka'l maaththiramea peyarkkappattu'l'lana.
• meyyezhuththukka'laana 'rakaram(றகரம்), ngakaram(ஙகரம்), gnakaaram(ஞகாரம்) 'nakaram(ணகரம்), zhakaram(ழகரம்), 'lakaram(ளகரம்) poan'ravai ezhuththukka'laaloa allathu ku'riyeeduka'laaloa vea'rupaduththikkaattappattu'l'lana.
• nakaraththi'rkum(நகரத்திற்கும்) nakaraththi'rkum(னகரத்திற்கும்) idaiyilu'l'la nudpamaana olipeatham ilakka'nanoolka'lil ku'rippidappattu, avai vea'ruvea'ru ezhuththukka'laakath theermaanikkappattirunthaalum, aangkila vaasakarukku athu avasiyamat'rathaal, orea ezhuththaaleayea ezhuththolipeyarppuch seyyappattu'l'lathu.
• kirantha ezhuththu olika'l vea'rupaduththik kaattappattu'l'lana. vallina meyka'lil varum olipeathangka'laana, s, h poan'ravaiyum ivat'rukkuch samamaana kirantha oasaika'lum orea ezhuththukka'laaleayea ezhuththolipeyarppil kaattappattu'l'lana.
• vallina meyka'lin allophones, mee'l ezhuththolipeyarppin ka'naniththanniyakkaththil u'l'ladakkappattu'l'lana. athaavathu intha allophones-ai aangkila ezhuththolipeyarppil ezhuthinaalum avai ka'naniththanniyakkaththil avat'rukkuriya thamizh ezhuththukka'laaka maat'rappadum.
• nakaram(நகரம்) nakaram(னகரம்) ira'ndum ezhuththolipeyarppil orea n aal kaattappattaalum thamizh mee'lpeyarppukkuk ka'nanith thanniyakkam seyyumpoathu, idam karuthi, thaanaakavea nakaramaakavum(நகரமாகவும்) nakaramaakavum(னகரமாகவும்) kaattappadum. sila ku'riththa idangka'lil maaththiram, nakaraththai(நகரத்தை) vea'rupaduththum ku'riyeedu kodukkavea'ndiyirukkum.
• kirantha ezhuththukka'lum vallina allophone-ka'lum on'raaka irukkum s, h poan'ra idangka'lil, avat'rukkuk vithikkappattirukkum thanikku'riyeeduka'laik koduththu, kirantha ezhuththukka'laaka thamizh mee'lpeyarppuch seythu ko'l'lalaam.
No comments:
Post a Comment
Copying or re-posting the Scripture is welcomed and encouraged. Everything on this site is Free. No copyright! Please read and report any errors. Please publish as a book. Host on your website. Thank you!